Martial News would like to introduce Sensei John Barrass and his assistant instructor Matt Chadwick.
John is the founder and senior instructor of the modern street combat art Evasive Self-Defence Combat System (ESDCS), a fourth dan Ju-jitsu expert and holds senior dan grades in Wado Ryu Karate, Aikido and Kenjutsu. 
He is the senior instructor for the Kurai - Nami Kenjutsu Club and is DFM Self-protection qualified Conflict Resolution and Student Street Safe instructor.
Matt Chadwick is a senior ESDCS and Wado Ryu Karate grade and is the system's assistant instructor. He has trained in various martial arts and has a particular love of MMA.

  (Caption): The Samurai of Japan lived by the Bushido Code

THE VIRTUES OF BUSHIDO

JOHN BARRASS: As an instructor whom trains with the Japanese katana I have often been asked my thoughts on the code of bushido. Whilst I have great interest in all things Japanese especially feudal fighting techniques I make no claim to fully understand the spiritual development of the fighting men of Japan. After all I am not Japanese and I am certainly not a samurai.

Like most western martial art enthusiast that study the history and origins of their art and how they were developed through the ages the knowledge has been gained from long hours with ones head stuck in books or searching the hundreds of internet sites on these subjects. I have received a great deal of help on these subjects from friends and fellow instructors on internet forum sites. Although the discussions can sometimes be heated about techniques and the dates of historical events that took place in Japan the general feeling is one of friendship and the pursuit of correct knowledge.

Depending on which author you agree with the virtues were either a set of values on how to live ones life as a samurai in Japanese society or a way to prepare ones self for death as a samurai. My own personal view is that modern society would find it very difficult if not impossible to live our lives using the virtues of bushido.

Below I have written a general description of what is considered by many scholars to be the most widely accepted version of bushido. Please enjoy them and make of them what you will: 

Bushido refers to the strict moral code principals that developed among the samurai (military/war) class of Japan, on a basis of national tradition influenced by Zen and Confucianism. The first use of the term apparently occurred during the civil war period of the 16th century; its precise content varied historically as samurai standards evolved. Its one unchanging ideal was martial spirit, including athletic and military skills as well as fearless attitude towards the enemy in battle. Frugal living, kindness and honesty were  held in high esteem. Like Confucianism, Bushido required filial piety but originating in the feudal system, it also held that supreme honour was to serve one's lord.

"There were many forces acting on a Samurai since they were at the top of  Japanese society, they were required to live, breath and enforce all the laws of the country - written and unwritten. Their own lives were ones of complete service and they were subject to a very strict code of Bushido. Until the Tokugawa shogunate ruling period, most of the Code was not written down  but whether written or unwritten, it was followed - to the death.”

GI

 Integrity

 Be acutely honest

throughout your dealings

with all people. Believe

in justice, not from other

people, but from yourself.

To the true warrior,

all points of view are deeply considered regarding

honesty, justice

and integrity.

Warriors make a full commitment to their decisions.

 

YU

 Heroic Courage

 Hiding like a turtle in a

shell is not living at all.

A true warrior must have

heroic courage. It is

absolutely risky. It is living life

completely, fully,

and wonderfully.

Heroic courage is not

blind. It is intelligent

and strong.

MEIYO

 Honour

 Warriors have only

one judge of honour and

character, and this is

themselves. Decisions you

make and how these

decisions are carried out

are a reflection of

who you truly are.

You cannot hide

from yourself. 

JIN

 Compassion

Through intense training

and hard work the true

warriors become quick

and strong. They are not as

most people. They develop

a power that must be

used for good. They have

compassion. They help

their fellow man at

every opportunity.

If an opportunity does not

arise, they go out of their

way to find one.

MAKOTO

Honesty and Sincerity 

When warriors say that they will perform

an action, it is as good

as done. Nothing will

stop them from completing

what they say they

will do. They do not

have to "give their word."

They do not have

to "promise."

Speaking and doing are

the same action.

CHU

 Duty and Loyalty

 Warriors are

responsible for everything

that they have done

and everything that they

have said, and all of the

consequences that follow.

They are immensely loyal to

all of those in their care. To everyone that they

are responsible for,

they remain

fiercely true.

To find out more about Evasive Self-Defence Combat System

Email: john@kurinami.wanadoo.co.uk

or visit: www.esdcs.co.uk

MATT CHADWICK: All martial artists are asked a couple of common questions, by non martial arts practitioners and prospective students, often very frequently. “What is the best style” is certainly amongst the most common.

Some stay within the confines of their art and convince themselves that their style, and how they train in it already has all the answers. Others rightly question the technique and gain a better understanding as a result.

Personally this question leads me to another question, “Best for what?”  Doesn’t it depend what you want to do with it? What your expectations are?

If you take the traditional Okinawan Karates they were designed as a fighting style for the bodyguards of the kings of Okinawa. As they were not allowed to carry weapons, they needed an effective method of protecting the king without weapons, or certainly without conventional weapons.

The result is more visible in the Kata than the basics, although you need to look further than some of the commonly taught application. If you know what to look for, you will see the “One hit, One kill” techniques which were required at the time.

Of course when people started popularising Karate and teaching to normal folk, it wouldn’t have done to teach how to break bone and maim so indiscriminately – put simply the purpose had shifted.

From being a protection for a countries royalty, it became a way of keeping fit and preserving history.

How has purpose of your arts changed over the years? It’s a bit of a gamble, but we have to train for the most likely threat of the day – that is unless we are doing a sport or keeping fit, which is fine as long as we aren’t kidding ourselves or worse still our students that it is effective for their self protection needs.

How does your martial response fit with the law? How does it fit with the social morals of the day? Is it for sport, for looking after your self, or somewhere in between? All of these can be achieved with pretty much any style; the only difference is the emphasis and training methods.

We can only ensure that our clubs stay “match fit” if we constantly challenge the way we train and add or subtract the methods of training to match the needs of the times and the students.

We are, however fortunate in these times, that sharing information is so easy. We can contact high grades from around the world at the stroke of a keyboard. Or watch videos of the masters whom previously we might have only been lucky enough to see once in a lifetime – the answers are out there

Each student wants and needs something different from their art; it is up to us as senior grades and instructors to ensure we do what is necessary to not let them down, by ensuring what we teach is fit for purpose.

To find out more about Evasive Self-Defence Combat System

Email: john@kurinami.wanadoo.co.uk

or visit: www.esdcs.co.uk

DFM Martial Arts presents its Cage Fight Night at The Alnwick Garden


The event will feature some of the top MMA and kickboxing clubs in the region in an explosive night of non-stop action


There will be pro, semi-pro and amateur MMA
and
full-contact and semi-contact K - 1 and kicboxing

WHO CARES WHO WINS

JOHN BARRASS: It’s an age old story within the martial arts and self defence community. What is the best martial art or method of self defence for the protection of one self? There have been endless arguments over the best and cleverest ways to inflict pain on a would-be attacker.

We live in an age now where the world population has boomed, we live closer together now than any other time in the history of the human race. Each of us going about our daily lives striving for that little bit of personal space. Only the foolish believe that we can all live in such close proximity without any conflict. The human race may be at the top of the food chain but our evolutional instinct is still to protect and defend. Look back through the history of man and it is possible to trace a fighting style to almost every culture that has ever walked the planet.

With the introduction of the internet we now have an infinite amount of information to access for methods to defend our selves. The internet may provide the mental knowledge but just reading and understanding is no substitute for actual physical self defence training. One cannot fully understand the mental stress and emotions that the body experiences during the assault without proper methods of training.

When I teach my system I tell my students not to worry about who’s the biggest or the best because it has no value. If you are attacked you won’t have time to worry about the size or the looks of the attacker. They say that knowledge is power, and I agree. I teach my students to fight smarter, which usually means dirtier. If one is in the situation where you’re being attacked whether for your valuables, during a drunken encounter, rape, or if someone is trying to kill you would you really be bothered about form, posture and looking good whilst defending yourself?

Assaults happen for many reasons. It could be something as simple as looking at some one the wrong way or a drug abuser robbing you to get cash for the next fix. Whatever the motive for violence one thing is for certain, you either deal with it or you get assaulted. The worse case scenario would be to lose your life.

So just what art possesses the best methods for combat? Are modern systems better than traditional arts? These are just two of many questions I have been asked as a self-defence instructor. I avoid these discussions like the plague because it ultimately leads to arguing like children and then the politics start. My own personal thoughts are that if it works I will use it. Techniques for one’s own self protection should be simple to remember and apply under pressure. None of the movements should be complicated and they should be effective enough to stop the assault. If needs be your response should be brutal depending on the level of assault. I do not want to be applying complicated joint locking techniques under pressure…especially if there are weapons involved.

As martial artist or modern system instructors we all have our own thoughts on how we might deal with violence. My experience with violence may be limited compared to some well-known authors and instructors that I have been lucky to train with on courses and seminars. One thing I have come to understand is to keep the response as simple as possible. Nothing complicated should be attempted during a fight. Of course my opinions may not mean much to some of the world’s best instructors of self-defence and street combat but they work for me.

I tell my students to utilize there own personal strengths and preferred methods of technique application. How a person grabs another man’s scrotum, bites, eye gouges and elbows will be different to the next person. Of course we have structured syllabus and training programme. But each technique must suit the practitioner both for their physical and mental capabilities. What they all learn and must understand is that there are never ever any guarantees when it comes to dealing with violence. You could be the toughest guy in the world but if a lucky punch takes you out there is not much you can do about it.

Practising self-defence or street combat should never be about ego or who is the best or toughest in the club. It should be about learning how to minimize the threats of violence, recognizing situations where you leave yourself vulnerable to violence and then deal with violence effectively if you have no other choice.

So I ask you, who cares who wins?

My passion now lies in training regular every-day people in self-defence and street fighting. Getting the students to understand that training is never about who wins the fight, just get home alive. There are very few of us participating in the martial arts or self defence systems that will become MMA champions or well known instructors within the martial arts community. We can all read the books; watch the DVD’S and attend the courses but it is up to the practitioner of any system to be the best they can be. Not for pride, not for ego, not for the school or club and not for the instructor, but for themselves.

Email: john@kurinami.wanadoo.co.uk

or visit: www.esdcs.co.uk

LAST MONTH'S EDITION - JULY - SUBSCRIBE FOR FREE

MODERN OR TRADITIONAL?

MATT CHADWICK: I am often asked if the style I train – the Evasive Self Defence System is a modern style. 

You could say that it is very modern, in that it has existed in its current form for less than 5 years. Equally you might say that all the techniques it contains are thousands of years old making it an exceptionally traditional art! 

You could easily fit it under the banner of Karate, should you wish, or Ju Jutsu for that matter, and if you look hard enough in the Kata you will certainly find all the techniques we use. 

People call us modern because we do not conform; we do what works for us, individually, as we all face different challenges, due to our physicality, mentality and lifestyle.

People have never liked change or groups who didn’t conform.

But then that's no new thing, Sensei Funakoshi didn’t like it very much when Sensei Ohtsuka started teaching new stuff, fortunately Sensei Ohtsuka followed his beliefs and we were left with Wado Ryu Karate and that was getting on for 100 years ago!

Following on with this theme, mixed martial arts has often been a target of the "conformity police". 

I am still surprised by people within the martial arts' view on MMA and how many do not relate to it. Isn’t this the most realistic test of which parts of our arts work? 

Yes, there are rules as my Chief Instructor is very quick to point out and in fact illustrate for the umpteenth time when I attempt a cheeky straight arm bar or triangle choke, his response? 

Well, bluntly, he bites! And I let go fairly quick! Sound a bit odd? Makes sure I don’t forget the consequences when there are no rules though! 

But these exceptions aside, MMA is a fairly good acid test for the effectiveness of techniques – sometimes not by what is thrown, but often by what is not allowed. Techniques considered too dangerous even for the trained athletes of MMA, must be quite effective stuff! 

And ironically most of these techniques lurk within our traditional arts, especially in the forms and kata.

Most of the top guys within MMA are traditionally trained, Karateka, Judoka, Taekwondo and Muay Thai fighters to name but a few styles. 

Instead of sounding the death knell for traditional arts, it seems that MMA is driving standards to an all time high. Not since the heady days of the Samurai has there so many professional fighters, people paid solely to train and fight.

The key has always been a solid base and a willingness to diversify. The guys who founded the traditional arts, the masters who we revere, were once students who needed their martial art to work in their circumstances. 

If they expected to be fighting a number of people at once, there wouldn't be a great deal of grappling, since being taken down meant losing and possibly death, instead look for lots of "get off" techniques and striking. 

If the art they studied didn’t have those technique you better believe they changed it! Much like the MMA fighters today then.

Mixed Martial Arts has become a huge sensation worldwide, easily accessible on TV and the Internet. Let that sink in a moment, we can watch pro level martial arts on almost a daily basis!

What would you have given for that 10 or 15 years ago when books and the odd video were largely the only options to learn outside the Dojo!

The opportunities to learn are huge, whether it is the effectiveness of techniques, correct leverage for locks and submissions or how resilient the human form can be, these guys do it all on a level most of us can only dream of!

email: john@kurinami.wanadoo.co.uk

or visit: www.esdcs.co.uk

Duty, Honour and devotion to one’s lord and to one’s self, its iconic shape burned into the psyche of those who hold and gaze upon it. A precision instrument created by master craftsmen and artisans. It has but one purpose – to take life.

How does one write about a subject that has been written about since its creation? Hundreds of scriptures, books and documentaries dedicated to a single subject. It’s every detail and use scrutinized by experts in metallurgy and swordsmanship.

A few taps of the keyboard and the internet will provide hundreds of pages of information for the Japanese sword from feudal samurai time’s right up to its use in world war two. And let’s not forget the endless video postings of masters and novices displaying their skills with this iconic weapon from dojos around the globe, some good, some bad, some funny and some that are just down right dangerous.

Although I study the Japanese sword I make no claim to be an expert on all things Japanese. I have been privileged to have toured Japan. Visited the temples, national museums, shrines and castles. Seen the statues dedicated to famous swordsmen from a feudal era that has not been allowed to be forgotten.

Japan maybe the most technological advanced nation in the world but you really do not have to look too hard to find the old Japan.

I have been honoured to have spent time in the company of instructors and connoisseurs of the blade. Race, colour and cultural differences moved aside, knowledge and friendships gained through a common interest for the Japanese sword.

There is no easy way to learn the Japanese sword. As with any martial art it takes time and dedication. At first I studied iaido and then kendo to see if I were suited to these arts. Both kendo and iaido are physically and technically demanding and should not be taken lightly by those who have not tried them. However I found myself wanting more than the perfection of the quick draw and the combative fencing with shinai. For the last seven years I have studied kenjutsu, but I am a firm believer in an open mind and will train in and swordsmanship style that will further my knowledge.

By now martial artist throughout the United Kingdom and beyond will be aware that the actions of the few have again ruined it for the many. I am of course referring to the recent sword ban with exemptions for martial artist and collectors.

The scum of society that have little or no real understanding of the samurai sword or its martial traditions, using it to murder and terrorise members of the public. To them it does not matter if it is a cheap reproduction or a genuine tamahagane blade, the result will be the same. Families suffering at the loss of a loved one.

Maybe the sword ban will save lives but each of us knows that a kitchen knife or blade from a local DIY store could have the same effect. The positive side to the sword ban is that the cheap reproductions have been removed from internet auction sites and local market stalls.

The one thing that the sword ban has highlighted is the fact that you don’t necessarily have to train in the sword arts to cause great injury or death, but putting in the long ours of dedication to technique, making the weapon, body and mind a single unit, to understand that to the Japanese it was more than an instrument of death but a way of life and national symbol takes time and dedication.

So just what is it that draws westerners to the Japanese sword and Japanese way of life? Why have the European knight’s code of chivalry not become as popular or iconic as the Asian martial war arts and the code of bushido? Even if these ideals were in full existence today, how many westerners could devote themselves to a set of ideals were you could be told to commit seppuku at the request of ones lord or employer.

It would not be so bad getting that P45 after all would it? Would be better that cutting ones stomach open to save face and honour.

 The Japanese sword

Kashira: This is the metal fixture at the very base of the sword hilt. It doesn't serve much of a practical purpose. It is mostly for decoration.

Tsuka Ito: This is the wrapping material that creates the grip pattern of the sword hilt. It is usually leather or silk cord. It should be wound very tightly and neatly. Protruding loose ends or loose binding are signs of poor craftsmanship and can come undone over time. However, is expected that over time you will need to retie the tsuka ito or have it replaced completely by a professional due to simple wear and tear.

Tsuka: This is the handle or hilt of the sword. It's made of a strong wood. Its function is to provide both impact absorption and shock tolerance. It is at least long enough for two hands to grip it comfortably, and is often longer to create more leverage and control of the sword.

Tsuba: This is the circular (or sometimes square or octagonal) hand guard that separates the blade from the handle. There is a long history and art associated with the tsuba alone. Apart from being a simple hand guard, the craftsmanship and design have become equally important in samurai culture. The designs range from cranes, to dragon flies, to clan symbols, to poetic scenery. There are virtually endless design possibilities. This is one part of the sword where artistic freedom is at its highest potential.

Habaki: This is the metal collar that encircles the base of the blade just above the tsuba. It serves a dual purpose: to lock the tsuba into place, and also to secure the sword in its scabbard. It's relation to the saya is vital: the two pieces must fit together like a glove. The habaki and saya opening (the "throat") must be snug enough so that the sword will not accidentally slide out on its own, but loose enough that the sword can be "popped out" by the thumb. It's common for a brand new saya and habaki to feel a bit tight. As long as you can draw the sword without wrestling it loose, it should loosen up after several draws.

Shinogi: This is the ridge of the sword where the grinded blade portion ends, and the sword becomes thick. Different angles and thicknesses can produce subtle differences in the sword's ability to cut at various angles and through various substances. However, the beginner sword owner shouldn't be concerned with these details right away.

Ha: The overall sharp edge of the sword.

Hi: This is commonly called the "blood groove." It is said to guide the blood away from the samurai and drip off the sword. In fact, the groove has nothing to do with blood. It is carved into the blade to lighten the sword without weakening it. It may also be carved to remove inherent flaws in the steel. The "blood groove" legend was an after-thought invented mostly by westerners to further mythologise the samurai sword.

Mune: The flat, non-sharp back or "spine" of the sword. It is a purposely softer metal than the sharpened edge. This contrast of hard and soft metals is one of the main characteristics that make the samurai sword so strong, resilient, and unique among swords. The mune is almost never sharpened. In a few rare cases, the upper portion of the mune is sharpened to create a double-edged sword, but this is extremely rare. The flattened mune is also functional in deflecting enemy sword blows.

Boshi: This is the edge pattern (hamon) on the curved portion of the tip of the blade. Not to be confused with the kissaki, its use is decorative only.

Same: This is the ray skin (stingray skin) that covers the handle of the sword and lays underneath the cord wrap (tsuka ito). Ray skin is the traditional material used in Japanese sword making. It is probably preferred because it's slightly textured (for better gripping) and it's waterproof. However, imitation ray skin or leather is just as good and will not hinder the performance of the sword in any way.

Sageo: This is the cord made of silk or cotton that is used to tie a sword's scabbard (saya) to the obi of a samurai. However, it is usually kept bound to the saya and never actually tied to the obi for everyday use. Samurai would remove their long sword every time they sat down, and tying and untying the cord would be too much trouble. The samurai would, however, use the sageo to tie the saya to their obi on the battle field to prevent the saya from being lost. There are some who claim that this length of cord could also be used as a rope on the battle field to tie up prisoners or simply used as a spare length of cord when needed. It is tied in various decorative patterns.

Saya: This is the scabbard where the sword "lives" when not in use. It's usually made of two halves of custom-carved wood sealed together to form a snug fit around that particular blade. The wood is usually highly laquored and sometimes highly decorated. The saya's relation to the habaki (sword collar) is vital: the two pieces must fit together like a glove. The habaki and saya opening (the "throat") must be snug enough so that the sword will not accidentally slide out on its own, but loose enough that the sword can be "popped out" by the thumb. It's common for a brand new saya and habaki to feel a bit tight. As long as you can draw the sword without wrestling it loose, it should loosen up after several draws.

Hamon: This is the wavy blade pattern of the sharpened portion of the sword. It is a visual effect caused by the tempering process. It also separates the harder edge of the blade with the softer ridge. The pattern is merely a side effect of the tempering process where the sword smith tries to create a desired transition between the soft and hard metals. Many modern reproductions do not have natural hamon; their hamon is faked by various processes such as acid etch, or more crude ones such as wire brushing. Some modern reproductions with natural hamon are also subjected to acid etching to enhance that hamons prominence. However, the lack of a "natural" hamon should not deter you from purchasing an otherwise fine sword.

Kissaki: This is the very tip, or point area of the sword. It's often confused with the Boshi. The Boshi is just the wavy hamon design, while the kissaki is actual point area. Its length, width and point angle has varied over time depending on the conditions in which the sword was used. Some angles produce a slightly better piercing performance for armour, and others for non-armour use. Other kissaki designs are simple decorative statements of a samurai's status. The beginning sword owner should not worry about the kissaki too much, as will not hinder the overall performance of the blade.

To find out more about Kurai Nami Kenjutsu

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Ki, Kai, Ten no Ichi

MATT CHADWICK: A saying my Senior Instructor often utters, “Ki, Kai, Ten no Ichi” “Mind, body and spirit” – putting everything you are into your techniques, or in fact any endeavour. The importance of complete commitment to your action, as far as self protection is concerned is huge. Such a response leaves only the very determined or deranged to continue their assault – who wants to fight someone who is totally committed to returning the favour!

Training the mind, committing to memory, movements and strategies of one's chosen system, understanding body mechanics and action/ reactions is not difficult to glean over time. Repetition and mimicry of one's instructor can achieve this goal in due course, although this alone will leave techniques weak and easily broken down or stopped.

Body is fairly straight forward to train by doing exercises such as push ups, sit ups, or whatever ingenious method of torture any good instructor can dream up, or even just basics and kata.

The result is the same, do it enough and you will get stronger and potentially faster. Sure, your Instructor needs to know what exercises will give good results and benefit to your martial endeavour, but that's nothing unusual in these days of sports science and professional athletes.

So what of spirit? As a Traditional stylist, I was fortunate to find my spirit tested and worked out in the same way as my body and mind. For me, this was being pushed further than my body would gladly take me. The pinnacle of which would be gradings, where after basics, kata, sparring against every member of the club, one after the other took place. This started with the lowest grade and progressed so that as fatigue increased, so did the skill and strength of opponent. When would you stop? When you are tired? Bruised? Winded? Knocked down? Strength and knowledge were not relevant now, it didn’t matter how long you lasted – there was always too many fresh opponents. No, here Sensei was watching, pushing until he was sure there was nothing left physically, and then seeing what happened. Technique didn’t matter for this part of the test, neither did who hit or got hit most – you couldn’t win, survival was the only possible positive outcome.

Some gave up, most who made it as far as real exhaustion made it. They had the heart to take them to the edge, they refused to give in, or be beaten. I remember being so exhausted and in fact emotional after a hard grading, that as much as I wanted to pass and progress to the next level, I just didn’t give a damn, I just wanted the test to be over. After taking everything that had been thrown, there was no energy left for desire!

I often wondered what separated those who passed, and those who gave in. Weakness?

It is hard, I think, to truly convey the meaning of Martial Spirit. The best adage I have heard, is that spirit is the “pilot light” burning inside you, which can keep the body and mind going long after they should have failed. Your opponent cannot put out this little flame, no matter how hard he tries. He can break your body, or even your mind, but the flame of spirit can only be extinguished by oneself. So there are those who keep the light burning and continue, and those who allow the flame to dwindle and go out and fall by the wayside. But is it possible, as it is so often claimed, for the martial arts to develop one's spirit? Or do the arts merely sort those who have and those who have not? Perhaps, over the years the training does allow the flame to burn ever brighter, it seems to me that this is the true essence of any martial art, traditional or modern.

As human beings we need to be stretched in order to grow. If we remain within our comfort zone, we stagnate and even fade away. But when we are pushed to our limits, and we find that it isn’t so scary, it is not so hard to go a little further the next time. This I think is what really allows us to grow within all three planes – Physical, mental and spiritual. I would like to think that is not those without spirit that quit the arts, but those who are to afraid of the stretch that is involved in growth, for many reasons no doubt. This then, leaves room for us all to train, every technique, every time Ki, Kai, Ten No Ichi!

To find out more about Evasive Self-Defence Combat System

or visit:

Martial News

CONFLICT RESOLUTION
TRAINING FOR
MARTIAL ARTISTS



DFM Self-protection Ltd
is holding a CRT courses for
martial arts instructors in the new year

Invented by martial arts expert Professor George Thompson,
CRT is a self-protection tool
that compliments self-defence training

It is taught to police officers, medics, firefighters,
the military and many many more professions

It teaches how to recognise
the danger signs violence is about to take place

It teaches body and spoken language techniques to calm situations down before they escalate

How to change the script and why assertiveness is vital plus much much more

Instructors also become qualified
CRT tutors and Student Street Safe instuctors

The course is £25 to those who have subscribed to Martial News and £35 for non-subscribers

To book a place on the
course email
phil.hotmail@hotmail.co.uk

DIRECTIONAL FIGHTING
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phil.doherty@hotmail.co.uk

Zanshin Aikido
Sunderland University

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Acres of fascinating plants,
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Not to mention one of the world’s largest wooden tree houses

It’s a wonderful garden, and an even better day out

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South Shields
Washington

benkennedy2003@hotmail.com

07595 160019

www.tynesidekickboxing.org